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Article http://dx.doi.org/10.26855/jhass.2025.12.002

Cultivating Justice: The Economic-legal-technological Nexus in Advancing Sustainable Agriculture in the 21st Century

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Priyant Banerjee1, Arshad Bhat2,*

1Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Amity University Mumbai, Maharashtra 410206, India.

2Amity Institute of Liberal Arts, Amity University Mumbai, Maharashtra 410206, India.

*Corresponding author: Arshad Bhat

Published: December 22,2025

Abstract

Agriculture in 2024 occupies a unique intersection of technological advancement, evolving legal frameworks, and significant economic and environmental challenges. With nearly 900 million individuals engaged globally and contributing $3.6 trillion to world GDP, the sector remains particularly susceptible to climate instability, insecure land rights, and unpredictable market dynamics. This study investigates the interplay among agricultural practice, economic sustainability, technological progress, and legal regulation, asserting that an integrated policy-technology strategy is crucial for achieving both equity and efficiency in agri-systems. Empirical evidence suggests that digital solutions such as precision agriculture and AI-driven monitoring can enhance crop yields by 20 30% while reducing input costs by 15%, directly strengthening food security and alleviating poverty. Yet, the persistent gap in land rights enforcement impacts over 250 million smallholder farmers, perpetuating rural inequality and dampening invest-ment incentives. In response, innovative agri-tech enterprises, supported by legal-technology integration, are pioneering blockchain-based land registries and compliance platforms. Still, inconsistent regulatory regimes across jurisdictions remain a substantial barrier to scalability. Through comparative case studies from India, Brazil, and the European Union, this paper demonstrates that effective alignment among law, economics, and technology is essential to support climate-resilient agriculture. The research advocates harmonized policy frameworks, inclusive innovation ecosystems, and adaptive legal instruments to empower farmers, protect biodiversity, and stabilize agricultural markets. Ultimately, it offers a roadmap for cultivating an agricultural sector that is just, resilient, and technologically advanced.

Keywords

Sustainable Agriculture; Agricultural Economics; Agritech; Environmental Law; Food Security; Legal Reform; Precision Farming

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How to cite this paper

Cultivating Justice: The Economic-legal-technological Nexus in Advancing Sustainable Agriculture in the 21st Century

How to cite this paper: Priyant Banerjee, Arshad Bhat. (2025) Cultivating Justice: The Economic-legal-technological Nexus in Advancing Sustainable Agriculture in the 21st Century. Journal of Humanities, Arts and Social Science9(12), 2222-2235.

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.26855/jhass.2025.12.002