IJCEMR

Article http://dx.doi.org/10.26855/ijcemr.2026.03.001

Effects of Different Root Canal Treatment Protocols on Pain Level and Inflammatory Markers in Patients with Endodontic Diseases

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Yue Chen, Shiqi Liu, Wenpin Xu, Han Mao, Yaqin Tan^*

Department of Stomatology, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, Hubei, China.

*Corresponding author: Yaqin Tan

Published: February 25,2026

Abstract

Objective: To compare the effects of different root canal treatment protocols on pain level and inflammatory markers in patients with endodontic diseases. Methods: A total of 70 patients with endodontic diseases treated between May 2023 and May 2025 were enrolled. According to the root canal treatment protocol, patients were divided into the single-visit group (35 cases, single-visit root canal treatment) and the multiple-visit group (35 cases, multiple-visit root canal treatment). The pain level [assessed by Visual Analogue Scale (VAS)] and inflammatory markers [interleukin-1β (IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6)] were compared between the two groups. Results: At 6 hours postoperatively, there was no significant difference in VAS score between the two groups (P>0.05); at 24 hours, 48 hours, and 72 hours postoperatively, the VAS scores of the single-visit group were significantly lower than those of the multiple-visit group (P<0.05). At time point T0 (before treatment), there were no significant differences in the levels of IL-1β, TNF-α, and IL-6 between the two groups (P>0.05); at time point T1 (7 days after root canal filling), the levels of the aforementioned inflammatory markers in the single-visit group were significantly lower than those in the multiple-visit group (P<0.05). Conclusion: Compared with multiple-visit root canal treatment, single-visit root canal treatment can reduce postoperative pain level and the levels of inflammatory markers in patients with endodontic diseases.

Keywords

Different root canal treatment protocols; Endodontic diseases; Pain level; Inflammatory markers

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How to cite this paper

Effects of Different Root Canal Treatment Protocols on Pain Level and Inflammatory Markers in Patients with Endodontic Diseases

How to cite this paper: Yue Chen, Shiqi Liu, Wenpin Xu, Han Mao, Yaqin Tan. (2026) Effects of Different Root Canal Treatment Protocols on Pain Level and Inflammatory Markers in Patients with Endodontic Diseases. International Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine Research, 10(2), 74-77.

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.26855/ijcemr.2026.03.001