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Article http://dx.doi.org/10.26855/jamc.2026.06.003

Exploration of Lightweight Spatial Perception and Localization Algorithms in Large-scale Virtual Environments

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Wenzhen Wang

School of Culture and Communication, Zibo Polytechnic University, Zibo 255300, Shandong, China.

*Corresponding author:Wenzhen Wang

Published: June 22,2026

Abstract

In large-scale virtual environments, challenges are severe; spatial perception and real-time localization of users, in terms of constraints of computational resources and bandwidth, are under enormous pressure. Traditional algorithms, with high complexity and strong global dependency, are difficult to meet the requirements of lightweight deployment, which makes improvement urgent. This paper systematically explores algorithms for spatial perception and localization oriented toward lightweight design, first, multi-dimensional requirements of spatial perception in large-scale virtual environments are analyzed, with computational bottlenecks also being sorted out together, and necessity of lightweight design and constraint conditions of algorithms are clarified, then four design principles are proposed, including distributed resource and localized resource collaboration, sparse sampling feature extraction, dynamically adjustable precision error compensation, and topology-based localization without global coordinate dependency. The coupling relationship between the time overhead of algorithms and the frequency of spatial updates is further analyzed, and the impact of data storage compression on response speed is also taken into consideration. Bandwidth allocation strategy under multi-user concurrency and trade-off model between lightweight design and robustness are both discussed in detail, thereby providing a theoretical framework and design basis for achieving efficient virtual spatial localization in resource-constrained environments.

Keywords

Lightweight positioning; spatial perception; large-scale virtual environment; algorithm complexity

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How to cite this paper

Exploration of Lightweight Spatial Perception and Localization Algorithms in Large-scale Virtual Environments

How to cite this paper: Wenzhen Wang. (2026) Exploration of Lightweight Spatial Perception and Localization Algorithms in Large-scale Virtual Environments. Journal of Applied Mathematics and Computation, 10(2), 93-97.

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.26855/jamc.2026.06.003