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International Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine Research

DOI：http://dx.doi.org/10.26855/ijcemr.2022.07.001

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Immunological and Molecular Diagnostic Techniques for Leptospirosis: An Update

Mahendra Pal1,*, Adugna Girma Lema2, Dagmawit Atalel3

1Narayan Consultancy on Veterinary Public Health and Microbiology, Anand, Gujarat, India.

2Yemalog Walal Woreda Livestock and Fishery Development and Resource Office, Kellem Wollega Zone, Oromia, Ethiopia.

3Department of Veterinary Laboratory Technology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Ambo University, Ambo, Oromia, Ethiopia.

*Corresponding author: Mahendra Pal

Date: May 10,2022　Hits: 2227

Abstract

A number of laboratory techniques are employed to establish the diagnosis of microbial diseases that cause significant morbidity as well as mortality in humans and animals throughout the world. Leptospirosis is an emerging and re-emerging enigmatic zoonotic disease of public health and economic importance. Currently, over 600,000 human deaths are attributed due to leptosprirosis annually in the world. However, there is a lack of information on Leptospira strains in remote parts of the world. The diagnosis of leptospirosis is challenging due to non-specific clinical feature. Thus, laboratory tests are necessary to confirm the diagnosis of disease due to its varied symptomatology. The microscopic agglutination test (MAT), which determines agglutinating antibodies in sera for various serovars of Leptospira species is considered the gold standard for the diagnosis of leptospirosis. Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) usually detects only the antibodies reacting with a broadly reactive genus specific antigen and thus gives no indication of the causative serovar or serogroup, which limits its application. Polymerase chain reaction on the other hand is considered sensitive and specific for the rapid detection of Leptospira in clinical samples. It is imperative to employ immunological and molecular techniques in order to make an unequivocal diagnosis of leptospirosis to institute immediate therapy to mitigate the suffering of the patients.

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Immunological and Molecular Diagnostic Techniques for Leptospirosis: An Update

How to cite this paper: Mahendra Pal, Adugna Girma Lema, Dagmawit Atalel. (2022) Immunological and Molecular Diagnostic Techniques for Leptospirosis: An Update. International Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine Research, 6(3), 216-221.

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.26855/ijcemr.2022.07.001